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Answer: France
The ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity in the Preamble were inspired by the French Revolution (1789). These principles reflect the influence of French constitutional thought on the Indian Constitution's vision of a just and egalitarian society.
Answer: 11
Originally, the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 added 10 Fundamental Duties. The 86th Amendment Act, 2002 added the 11th duty: 'to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years'. These duties are moral obligations for citizens but are not legally enforceable.
Answer: November 26, 1949
The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, and came into force on January 26, 1950. November 26 is celebrated as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Divas) in India since 2015 to honor Dr. Ambedkar's contribution.
Answer: Fourth Schedule
The Fourth Schedule of the Constitution specifies the allocation of Rajya Sabha seats to States and Union Territories. It is amended periodically to reflect changes in population and creation of new States. Currently, Rajya Sabha has 245 members (233 elected + 12 nominated).
Answer: 2, 11, 18
The Constituent Assembly took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete the drafting of the Constitution. It first met on December 9, 1946, and the Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949 (celebrated as Constitution Day), coming into force on January 26, 1950.
Answer: 86th
The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A, making education a Fundamental Right for children aged 6-14 years. It also added a Fundamental Duty under Article 51A(k) for parents/guardians to provide educational opportunities to their children in this age group.
Answer: Union of States
Article 1 of the Constitution states: 'India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.' The term 'Union of States' was deliberately chosen by the Drafting Committee to indicate that Indian federation is not a result of an agreement among states and that states have no right to secede from the Union.
Answer: President of India
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners under Article 324. However, the Election Commission functions independently. The 2023 Supreme Court judgment introduced a collegium system for appointments, but Parliament can legislate otherwise.
Answer: 552
Article 80 specifies that the Lok Sabha can have a maximum of 552 members: 530 from States, 20 from Union Territories, and 2 nominated Anglo-Indian members (though the Anglo-Indian nomination was removed by the 104th Amendment Act, 2019). Currently, the strength is 543 elected members.
Answer: 42nd
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, often called the 'Mini-Constitution', added three words to the Preamble: Socialist, Secular, and Integrity. This amendment was enacted during the Emergency period under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. [[3]][[10]]
Answer: False
Right to Property was originally a Fundamental Right under Article 31. However, the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 removed it from Part III (Fundamental Rights) and made it a legal right under Article 300-A. It is no longer enforceable under Article 32.
Answer: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly and played the pivotal role in framing the Indian Constitution. He is widely regarded as the principal architect of the Constitution. [[8]][[22]]