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DNA methylation patterns at specific CpG sites can be used to estimate:
- Genetic ancestry
- Biological age
- Disease risk
- All of these
Answer: All of these
Epigenetic clocks (e.g., Horvath clock) predict biological age from methylation profiles. Accelerated aging correlates with disease, mortality. Applications: aging research, forensic age estimation, evaluating anti-aging interventions. [[ICMR Reports, NCERT Biology Class 12]]