GK Questions

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polity hard mcq

In Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India (2020), the Supreme Court applied the proportionality test to internet shutdowns. Which of the following is the CORRECT sequence of proportionality test steps as applied in this case?

  1. Balancing → Necessity → Rational connection → Legitimate aim
  2. Legitimate aim → Rational connection → Necessity → Balancing
  3. Rational connection → Legitimate aim → Balancing → Necessity
  4. Necessity → Balancing → Legitimate aim → Rational connection
polity hard fill_blank

In Shayara Bano v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court applied Constitutional Morality to hold that personal laws must comply with Fundamental Rights, and discriminatory practices like instant triple talaq can be reformed to protect ______ justice under Articles 14 and 15.

  1. economic
  2. gender
  3. procedural
  4. international
polity hard true_false

In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court held that sexual orientation is intrinsic to personality, and discrimination based on sexual orientation violates constitutional guarantees of dignity, equality, and liberty under Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court recognized informational privacy as a dimension of right to privacy. Which legislative framework was subsequently enacted to operationalize this right?

  1. Information Technology Act, 2000
  2. Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023
  3. Right to Information Act, 2005
  4. Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002
polity hard fill_blank

In Joseph Shine v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court struck down Section 497 IPC (adultery) holding it violated marital privacy and autonomy under Article 21, recognizing that the State cannot criminalize private consensual conduct between ______.

  1. minors
  2. adults
  3. government employees
  4. public figures
polity medium true_false

In Supriyo v. Union of India (2023), the Supreme Court directed the Central Government to constitute a high-level committee to examine rights and entitlements of queer couples, including issues like joint bank accounts, medical decision-making, and social security benefits.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India (2020), the Supreme Court required that internet shutdown orders must be published to enable:

  1. Public celebration of government decisions
  2. Transparency, judicial review, and public scrutiny of restrictions on digital rights
  3. Immediate implementation without challenge
  4. Exclusive access for government officials only
polity medium fill_blank

Following the Shayara Bano judgment (2017) striking down instant triple talaq, Parliament enacted the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, ______, which criminalized instant triple talaq and provided for maintenance, custody rights for affected women.

  1. 2017
  2. 2018
  3. 2019
  4. 2020
polity hard true_false

In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court decriminalized consensual same-sex relations by striking down Section 377 IPC, holding that constitutional values of dignity, equality, and liberty under Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21 protect LGBTQ+ rights against majoritarian social morality.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In the Aadhaar judgment (Puttaswamy, 2018), the Supreme Court applied the proportionality test to balance privacy rights with state interests. Which use of Aadhaar was upheld as proportionate?

  1. Mandatory linking with bank accounts and mobile numbers
  2. Authentication for welfare schemes funded from Consolidated Fund and PAN-Aadhaar linking for tax purposes
  3. Mandatory use for school admissions and NEET/JEE exams
  4. All uses were struck down as disproportionate
polity hard fill_blank

In SR Bommai v. Union of India (1994), the Supreme Court held that Presidential satisfaction under Article 356 for imposing President's Rule is subject to ______ review, and courts can examine whether satisfaction was based on objective material, not political considerations.

  1. legislative
  2. judicial
  3. executive
  4. administrative
polity hard true_false

In Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980), the Supreme Court emphasized that Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles are complementary and harmonious, with FRs providing means and DPSP providing ends for establishing an egalitarian society, and neither can be given absolute primacy over the other.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973), the Supreme Court overruled Berubari Union (1960) and held that the Preamble is part of the Constitution. What is the legal significance of this holding?

  1. Preamble can be directly enforced in courts like Fundamental Rights
  2. Preamble has interpretive value for resolving ambiguities in constitutional provisions and informs basic structure identification
  3. Preamble overrides all other constitutional provisions in case of conflict
  4. Preamble can be amended by simple majority in Parliament
polity hard fill_blank

In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court established the 'golden triangle' of Articles ______, holding that laws affecting personal liberty must satisfy all three articles, not just Article 21.

  1. 14, 19, 21
  2. 15, 16, 17
  3. 21, 22, 23
  4. 32, 226, 136
polity hard true_false

In Supriyo v. Union of India (2023), despite declining to legalize same-sex marriage, the Supreme Court affirmed that queer couples have constitutional rights to protection from discrimination, right to cohabit, and access to services without discrimination under Articles 14, 15, 19, and 21.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

In Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India (2020), the Supreme Court held that freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(1)(a) extends to the internet medium. Which restriction under Article 19(2) was MOST relevant to the Court's proportionality analysis of internet shutdowns?

  1. Decency or morality
  2. Sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State
  3. Contempt of court
  4. Defamation
polity hard fill_blank

In Shayara Bano v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court applied the 'essential religious practices' test to hold that instant triple talaq is not an essential practice of Islam protected under Article 25, and thus can be regulated to protect ______ rights under Fundamental Rights.

  1. property
  2. gender
  3. economic
  4. political
polity hard true_false

In Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018), the Supreme Court held that Constitutional Morality (constitutional values of dignity, equality, liberty) must prevail over social morality (majoritarian views) when they conflict in matters affecting fundamental rights.

  1. True
  2. False
polity hard mcq

Following the Puttaswamy judgment (2017), the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 was enacted to operationalize privacy rights. Which principle from Puttaswamy is central to this legislation?

  1. Absolute prohibition on data collection
  2. Proportionality test balancing privacy with legitimate state/business needs
  3. Complete exemption for government data processing
  4. Mandatory public disclosure of all personal data
polity hard fill_blank

In SR Bommai v. Union of India (1994), the Supreme Court held that ______ test is the primary method to test whether a State government enjoys majority support in the Assembly, and Governor cannot dismiss Ministry without testing majority on Assembly floor.

  1. opinion poll
  2. floor
  3. judicial inquiry
  4. presidential reference