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The Preamble of the Indian Constitution was amended by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The 42nd Amendment added the words 'Socialist', 'Secular', and 'Integrity' to the Preamble. It also emphasized the unity and integrity of the nation during the Emergency period. [[30]]
The Indian Constitution came into effect on ______.
Answer: January 26, 1950
The Constitution of India came into force on January 26, 1950, making India a sovereign democratic republic. This date was chosen to commemorate the 1930 Purna Swaraj declaration. [[1]]
Who was the first Governor-General of independent India?
- Lord Mountbatten
- Rajagopalachari
- Jawaharlal Nehru
- Sardar Patel
Answer: Lord Mountbatten
Lord Mountbatten served as the first Governor-General of independent India (August 1947 – June 1948). C. Rajagopalachari was the first and last Indian Governor-General (1948-1950). [[30]]
The Government of India Act 1935 provided for the establishment of a Federal Court in India.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Government of India Act 1935 established a Federal Court at Delhi (inaugurated in 1937) to adjudicate disputes between provinces and federal units. It was the precursor to the Supreme Court of India. [[1]]
Which Act introduced dyarchy at the provincial level in India?
- Indian Councils Act 1909
- Government of India Act 1919
- Government of India Act 1935
- Indian Independence Act 1947
Answer: Government of India Act 1919
The Government of India Act 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced dyarchy, dividing provincial subjects into 'Reserved' (controlled by Governor) and 'Transferred' (controlled by ministers). [[30]]
The idea of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from the ______ Constitution.
Answer: Soviet (USSR)
Fundamental Duties (Part IVA, Article 51A) were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, inspired by the USSR Constitution. They emphasize citizens' responsibilities towards the nation. [[1]]
The Constituent Assembly took exactly 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to draft the Constitution.
- True
- False
Answer: True
The Constituent Assembly first met on December 9, 1946. The Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and enforced on January 26, 1950 – totaling 2 years, 11 months, 18 days. [[30]]
Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution?
- Jawaharlal Nehru
- Sardar Patel
- R. Ambedkar
- Rajendra Prasad
Answer: B.R. Ambedkar
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee. The Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and came into force on January 26, 1950. [[1]]
The Partition of Bengal was announced by Lord Curzon in 1905.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal in 1905 on administrative grounds, but it was widely seen as a 'divide and rule' policy. It sparked the Swadeshi Movement and was annulled in 1911. [[30]]
Who founded the Indian National Congress in 1885?
- W.C. Banerjee
- O. Hume
- Dadabhai Naoroji
- Surendranath Banerjee
Answer: A.O. Hume
Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in December 1885 in Bombay. W.C. Banerjee was its first president. [[1]]
The Rowlatt Act was passed in the year ______.
Answer: 1919
The Rowlatt Act (1919) allowed detention without trial for up to two years. Gandhi launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha against it, which led to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. [[30]]
The Indian National Army (INA) was first organized by Rash Behari Bose in Southeast Asia.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Rash Behari Bose initially organized the INA in 1942. Subhash Chandra Bose later took command in 1943, reorganized it, and proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India. [[1]]
Who was the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament?
- Dadabhai Naoroji
- W.C. Banerjee
- Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- Surendranath Banerjee
Answer: Dadabhai Naoroji
Dadabhai Naoroji was elected as a Liberal Party MP from Finsbury Central (London) in 1892. He was known as the 'Grand Old Man of India' and authored 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India'. [[30]]
The Quit India Movement was launched in August 1942.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement on August 8, 1942, with the slogan 'Do or Die'. Most Congress leaders were arrested immediately, but the movement continued through underground activities. [[1]]
Who was the Viceroy of India during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919)?
- Lord Curzon
- Lord Chelmsford
- Lord Irwin
- Lord Linlithgow
Answer: Lord Chelmsford
Lord Chelmsford was Viceroy during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April 13, 1919). General Dyer ordered troops to fire on unarmed civilians in Amritsar, killing hundreds. [[30]]
The ______ Session of the Indian National Congress (1929) demanded Purna Swaraj.
Answer: Lahore
Under Jawaharlal Nehru's presidency, the Congress passed the Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) resolution at the Lahore Session on December 31, 1929. January 26, 1930 was celebrated as Independence Day. [[1]]
The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 to protest the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and Rowlatt Act. It was withdrawn in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident. [[30]]
Who gave the slogan 'Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it'?
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Subhash Chandra Bose
- Bhagat Singh
Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Bal Gangadhar Tilak popularized the slogan during the Home Rule Movement. He advocated for self-rule and mobilized masses through newspapers like Kesari and Maratha. [[1]]
The Subsidiary Alliance system was introduced by Lord Wellesley.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Lord Wellesley (1798-1805) introduced the Subsidiary Alliance, requiring Indian rulers to accept British troops and pay for their maintenance, effectively making them British protectorates. [[1]]
Which treaty ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War (1792)?
- Treaty of Salbai
- Treaty of Seringapatam
- Treaty of Bassein
- Treaty of Allahabad
Answer: Treaty of Seringapatam
Treaty of Seringapatam (1792) ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War. Tipu Sultan ceded half his territory to the British and their allies and paid a large indemnity. [[30]]