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The 3R principle for waste management stands for Reduce, Reuse, and ________.
- Recycle
- Refuse
- Rot
- Repair
Answer: Recycle
3Rs promote sustainable consumption: Reduce waste generation, Reuse items, Recycle materials into new products. Core concept in environmental education and policy. [[MoEFCC Guidelines, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
Which Indian state has the highest installed wind power capacity?
- Gujarat
- Tamil Nadu
- Maharashtra
- Rajasthan
Answer: Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu leads in wind energy (~10 GW), leveraging coastal winds. India ranks 4th globally in wind power. Important for energy and current affairs sections. [[MNRE Reports, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
El Niño is a climate pattern associated with warming of waters in the ________ Ocean.
- Atlantic
- Indian
- Pacific
- Arctic
Answer: Pacific
El Niño involves unusual warming of central/eastern tropical Pacific, disrupting global weather (monsoons, droughts, floods). La Niña is the cooling phase. Important for geography. [[IMD Reports, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
The pacemaker of the human heart is the ________ node.
- AV
- SA
- Bundle of His
- Purkinje
Answer: SA
SA (sinoatrial) node in right atrium generates electrical impulses initiating heartbeat (~72/min). AV node delays signal for atrial contraction. Critical for circulatory system understanding. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
True or False: UMANG app provides access to multiple central and state government services.
- True
- False
Answer: True
UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance) is a single-window platform for 1,200+ services (Aadhaar, PAN, EPFO, etc.). Part of Digital India for citizen convenience. [[MeitY Reports]]
BOD stands for:
- Biological Oxygen Demand
- Biochemical Oxygen Demand
- Bacterial Oxygen Demand
- Basic Oxygen Demand
Answer: Biochemical Oxygen Demand
BOD measures oxygen required by microbes to decompose organic matter in water. High BOD indicates severe pollution. Critical parameter in water quality assessment. [[CPCB Guidelines, NCERT Biology Class 12]]
Which of the following is a virus that causes AIDS?
- HBV
- HIV
- HSV
- HPV
Answer: HIV
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks CD4+ T-cells, weakening the immune system. Untreated HIV infection leads to AIDS. Awareness of pathogens is crucial for health sections. [[NCERT Biology Class 12, NACO Guidelines]]
Baking soda is chemically known as:
- Sodium carbonate
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Sodium hydroxide
- Sodium chloride
Answer: Sodium bicarbonate
Baking soda is NaHCO₃ (sodium hydrogen carbonate). It releases CO₂ when heated or mixed with acid, causing dough to rise. Common household chemical with exam relevance. [[NCERT Chemistry Class 10]]
True or False: Work done by a force is zero if displacement is perpendicular to force.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Work W = F·d·cosθ. If θ=90°, cos90°=0, so W=0. Example: centripetal force does no work in circular motion. Key concept in mechanics. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]
Yeast used in baking and brewing belongs to the kingdom ________.
- Monera
- Protista
- Fungi
- Plantae
Answer: Fungi
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is a unicellular fungus. It ferments sugars to produce CO₂ (leavens bread) and ethanol (in brewing). Important for applied biology. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in India is headed by:
- President
- Prime Minister
- Home Minister
- Defense Minister
Answer: Prime Minister
NDMA, established under Disaster Management Act 2005, is chaired by the Prime Minister for policy planning and coordination of disaster response. Important for governance and current affairs. [[NDMA Guidelines, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
Aadhaar is a ________-digit unique identity number issued by UIDAI.
- 10
- 12
- 14
- 16
Answer: 12
Aadhaar is a 12-digit biometric ID for Indian residents, enabling access to subsidies and services. Part of Digital India initiative for inclusive governance. [[UIDAI Reports, NCERT Computer Science]]
True or False: The safe limit for continuous noise exposure is 85 decibels for 8 hours.
- True
- False
Answer: True
As per WHO and CPCB, prolonged exposure above 85 dB can cause hearing damage. Noise pollution regulations limit industrial/residential noise levels. Important for environmental awareness. [[CPCB Guidelines, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
The longest bone in the human body is the ________.
- Humerus
- Femur
- Tibia
- Fibula
Answer: Femur
Femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone, supporting body weight and enabling movement. Critical for anatomy questions in exams. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
Ohm's law states that V = I × ________.
- Power
- Resistance
- Capacitance
- Inductance
Answer: Resistance
Ohm's Law: Voltage (V) = Current (I) × Resistance (R). Valid for ohmic conductors at constant temperature. Foundation for circuit analysis. [[NCERT Physics Class 10]]
Organisms that prepare their own food are called:
- Heterotrophs
- Autotrophs
- Saprotrophs
- Parasites
Answer: Autotrophs
Autotrophs (e.g., plants, cyanobacteria) synthesize organic compounds from inorganic sources via photosynthesis/chemosynthesis. They form the base of food chains. Basic ecology concept. [[NCERT Biology Class 12]]
True or False: Oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from water molecules.
- True
- False
Answer: True
In light-dependent reactions, water photolysis splits H₂O into O₂, protons, and electrons. The O₂ is released as byproduct. Confirmed by isotopic labeling experiments. [[NCERT Biology Class 11]]
Biogas primarily consists of ________ and carbon dioxide.
- Hydrogen
- Methane
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
Answer: Methane
Biogas (from anaerobic digestion of organic waste) contains 50-75% methane (CH₄), a clean fuel. Promoted under GOBAR-DHAN scheme for rural energy and waste management. [[MNRE Reports, NCERT Chemistry Class 11]]
True or False: PM2.5 refers to particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometers.
- True
- False
Answer: True
PM2.5 particles are fine inhalable particles (≤2.5 μm) that penetrate deep into lungs, causing respiratory/cardiovascular issues. Monitored under National Air Quality Index. [[CPCB Reports, NCERT Geography Class 11]]
Heat transfer through direct contact is called ________.
- Convection
- Radiation
- Conduction
- Advection
Answer: Conduction
Conduction occurs via molecular collisions in solids (e.g., metal rod heating). Convection involves fluid movement; radiation uses electromagnetic waves. Basic thermodynamics concept. [[NCERT Physics Class 11]]