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Answer: C.V. Raman
Sir C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and the discovery of the Raman Effect, which demonstrated that light changes wavelength when it passes through a transparent medium.
Answer: Religion and Spirituality
The Templeton Prize honors individuals who have made exceptional contributions to affirming life's spiritual dimension, whether through insight, discovery, or practical works that promote spiritual progress.
Answer: United States
The MacArthur Fellowship is awarded by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation in the United States to individuals who show exceptional creativity and promise for important future advances in their fields.
Answer: 2014
Sachin Tendulkar became the first sportsperson to receive the Bharat Ratna in 2014, recognizing his unparalleled contributions to cricket and his role as an inspiration to millions of Indians.
Answer: Social Sciences
Social Sciences is not a category of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize. The award covers seven categories: Biological, Chemical, Earth/Atmospheric/Ocean/Planetary, Engineering, Mathematical, Medical, and Physical Sciences.
Answer: toned bronze
The Bharat Ratna medal is crafted from toned bronze, shaped like a peepal leaf, with a sunburst design and the words 'Bharat Ratna' inscribed in Devanagari script on the obverse, symbolizing radiance and honor.
Answer: Engineering Sciences
Engineering Sciences was added as a category to the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize in 1971, expanding the original six categories to recognize outstanding research contributions in engineering disciplines within India.
Answer: gravitational
The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish, and Kip S. Thorne for the first direct detection of gravitational waves, confirming a major prediction of Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Answer: Recipient must be working in India
A key requirement for the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize is that the recipient must be working in India in a research institution, university, or industry. The award recognizes contributions made within the country.
Answer: Anita Desai
Anita Desai was the first Indian author to be shortlisted for the Booker Prize, with her novel 'Clear Light of Day' in 1980. She was shortlisted three times before Salman Rushdie won in 1981.
Answer: True
The Pulitzer Prize for Poetry is awarded annually to an American author for a distinguished volume of original verse published during the preceding calendar year, recognizing excellence in poetic expression.
Answer: 15
The Bharat Ratna medal, shaped like a peepal leaf and made of toned bronze, weighs approximately 15 grams. It is 35 mm in length, 30 mm in width, and 3 mm in thickness, with a sunburst design on the obverse.
Answer: Vajra
The Param Vir Chakra medal features the national emblem of India in the center, surrounded by four replicas of the Vajra (Indra's thunderbolt), symbolizing irresistible force and spiritual power in Hindu mythology.
Answer: Manila
The Ramon Magsaysay Award ceremony is held annually in Manila, Philippines, typically on August 31, the birth anniversary of former President Ramon Magsaysay, after whom the award is named.
Answer: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, an Indian-born British-American structural biologist, shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome, the cellular machine that translates genetic information into proteins.
Answer: Geetanjali Shree
Geetanjali Shree won the International Booker Prize in 2022 for her novel 'Tomb of Sand' (originally 'Ret Samadhi' in Hindi), translated by Daisy Rockwell. She became the first Indian author to win this prize for a Hindi-language work.
Answer: It recognizes contributions made in India
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recognizes outstanding research contributions made in India by scientists who are Indian citizens and working in India. It does not recognize work done abroad or by foreign nationals.
Answer: standard metal
The Padma Vibhushan medal is made of standard metal (a bronze alloy), with a centrally located lotus flower embossed on the obverse. The words 'Padma Vibhushan' are inscribed in Devanagari script above the lotus.
Answer: CRISPR-Cas9
The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna for the development of CRISPR-Cas9, a groundbreaking method for precise genome editing with wide-ranging applications.
Answer: University Grants Commission
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize selection is managed by CSIR with input from scientific academies and expert committees. The University Grants Commission (UGC) is not directly involved in the selection process.