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In Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India (2020), the Supreme Court applied Constitutional Morality to hold that freedom of speech and expression over the internet is protected under Article 19(1)(a), and restrictions must satisfy proportionality test balancing security concerns with digital rights.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Digital rights and Constitutional Morality: (a) Anuradha Bhasin (2020): SC held: (i) Freedom of speech (Article 19(1)(a)) and profession (Article 19(1)(g)) extend to internet medium, (ii) Internet shutdown orders must be published, subject to judicial review, (iii) Restrictions must satisfy proportionality test: legitimate aim, rational connection, least restrictive alternative, balancing of interests, (b) Constitutional Morality application: (i) Digital age requires adapting constitutional values (liberty, equality) to new contexts, (ii) State interests (security, public order) balanced with individual rights (privacy, free speech), (iii) Procedural safeguards (publication, review) ensure accountability, (c) Broader implications: Foundation for data protection (DPDP Act, 2023), algorithmic accountability, digital inclusion policies, (d) Balance: Technological innovation with rights protection; Constitutional Morality guides adaptive interpretation. Illustrates living constitutionalism: enduring values applied to emerging challenges like digital governance.