The concept of 'Constitutional Morality' in Indian jurisprudence was notably emphasized by which constitutional scholar and later adopted by the Supreme Court?
- R. Ambedkar
- Granville Austin
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and later judicial pronouncements
- M.C. Setalvad
Answer: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and later judicial pronouncements
Constitutional Morality origin: (a) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar used the term in Constituent Assembly debates (November 1948) while defending draft Constitution, emphasizing adherence to constitutional forms and procedures, (b) Judicial adoption: Supreme Court explicitly invoked concept in Navtej Singh Johar (2018), Puttaswamy (2017), and other cases, (c) Meaning: Fidelity to constitutional values (liberty, equality, fraternity, rule of law) beyond mere legal compliance; guides interpretation and application of constitutional provisions. Illustrates living constitutionalism: concepts evolve through democratic practice and judicial interpretation.