Civil society organizations play a critical role in rights expansion by filing PILs, documenting violations, advocating for legislative reforms, and facilitating access to justice for marginalized groups.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Civil society and rights expansion: (a) PIL filing: Organizations like PUCL, ADR, NALSA file petitions to enforce rights of marginalized groups, (b) Documentation: Research, reports on rights violations (e.g., custodial violence, discrimination) provide evidence for judicial/legislative action, (c) Advocacy: Campaigns for legislative reforms (RTI Act, POCSO Act, Transgender Act), policy changes, (d) Access to justice: Legal aid clinics, awareness programs, accompaniment to courts for marginalized communities, (e) Accountability: Social audits, RTI applications, public hearings hold state accountable for rights implementation. Illustrates participatory constitutionalism: rights realization requires active citizen engagement alongside state institutions.