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The Preamble's ideal of 'Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation' reflects Indian federalism's core philosophy: balancing regional diversity with national unity.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Unity in diversity federal philosophy: (a) Preamble foundation: Fraternity (brotherhood transcending divisions), dignity (individual worth regardless of identity), unity/integrity (national cohesion amid diversity) provide normative framework for federal design, (b) Constitutional operationalization: (i) Single citizenship (Article 5-11) for national unity, (ii) Federal division of powers (Seventh Schedule) for regional autonomy, (iii) Fundamental Rights (Part III) protecting individual dignity against State/Union excess, (iv) Directive Principles (Part IV) guiding equitable development across regions, (c) Institutional balance: Strong Centre (residuary powers, Emergency provisions) for national integrity; autonomous States (legislative/executive domains) for regional expression; cooperative mechanisms (GST Council, Finance Commission) for shared governance. Illustrates distinctive Indian model: federalism not as compromise but as positive framework for managing diversity while building unity. Essential for UPSC Mains conceptual answers.