The Indian Penal Code (1860), Code of Criminal Procedure (1973), and Indian Evidence Act (1872) were replaced by three new laws effective from July 1, 2024: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and ______.
- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
- Bharatiya Nyaya Adhiniyam
- Bharatiya Vidhi Sanhita
- Bharatiya Sakshya Sanhita
Answer: Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
New criminal laws (effective July 1, 2024): (a) Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) replaces IPC: Adds new offences (mob lynching, terrorist acts), modifies definitions (sedition, murder), (b) Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) replaces CrPC: Introduces zero FIR, electronic evidence, time-bound investigation, (c) Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) replaces Evidence Act: Recognizes electronic records as primary evidence, expands admissibility. Aims to decolonize criminal justice, incorporate technology, expedite trials. Implementation challenges: training, infrastructure, transitional issues.