Which statement correctly compares judicial appointment systems in India and USA?
- India: Executive appoints; USA: Legislature appoints
- India: Collegium system (judges appoint judges); USA: President appoints with Senate confirmation
- Both follow identical appointment procedures
- India: Direct election of judges; USA: Executive appointment
Answer: India: Collegium system (judges appoint judges); USA: President appoints with Senate confirmation
Judicial appointment comparison: (a) India: Collegium system (evolved through Three Judges Cases): CJI-led collegium of senior SC judges recommends appointments; President normally appoints. 99th Amendment (NJAC) struck down in 2015, reaffirming collegium, (b) USA: President nominates SC/HC judges; Senate confirms by simple majority. Political considerations play role in US appointments; Indian collegium aims to insulate from politics but faces transparency criticisms. Both systems balance judicial independence with accountability.