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The Preamble's dignity commitment informs workplace rights jurisprudence: Supreme Court has recognized right to harassment-free workplace as part of Article 21, leading to Vishaka guidelines and POSH Act, 2013, ensuring ______ justice in employment relations.
- procedural
- gender
- economic
- administrative
Answer: gender
Dignity and workplace rights from Preamble: (a) Preamble's dignity promise: Intrinsic worth of every person; foundation for rights protecting life, liberty, equality in all spheres, including workplace, (b) Workplace dignity operationalization: (i) Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997): Recognized sexual harassment violates dignity, equality under Articles 14, 15, 19, 21; laid down guidelines for prevention, redressal, (ii) Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013: Codified Vishaka guidelines into statutory framework with institutional mechanisms (Internal Complaints Committees, Local Complaints Committees), (c) Gender justice dimensions: (i) Prevention: Awareness, training, policy frameworks create harassment-free workplace, (ii) Redressal: Complaint mechanisms, inquiry procedures, protection against victimization ensure accountability, (iii) Empowerment: Legal recourse, institutional support enable women to claim rights, participate fully in workforce, (d) Interconnection with other rights: (i) Article 14: Gender equality requires non-discrimination in employment, (ii) Article 19: Freedom of profession requires safe, dignified working conditions, (iii) Article 21: Right to life includes right to work with dignity, free from harassment, (e) Illustrates transformative dignity: Preamble's dignity promise operationalized through gender justice in workplace; balance between individual rights, institutional accountability, social change essential for realizing constitutional vision of inclusive development.