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The Preamble's fraternity commitment informs social media governance: platforms must balance free expression with preventing hate speech, misinformation that undermines social harmony, applying proportionality test to ensure restrictions are necessary, balanced, not arbitrary.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Fraternity and social media governance from Preamble: (a) Preamble's fraternity promise: Spirit of brotherhood transcending divisions; essential for social harmony in diverse India, (b) Social media challenges: (i) Free expression: Platforms enable democratic discourse, marginalized voices, (ii) Harmful content: Hate speech, misinformation, incitement to violence undermine fraternity, social harmony, (iii) Governance dilemma: How to prevent harm without suppressing legitimate expression, (c) Proportionality test application: (i) Legitimate aim: Preventing hate speech, misinformation that threatens social harmony, public order, (ii) Rational connection: Content moderation, fact-checking suitable to achieve aim, (iii) Necessity: Less restrictive alternatives preferred (e.g., labeling vs. removal, targeted vs. blanket bans), (iv) Balancing: Benefits of restriction vs. harm to free expression, democratic discourse, (d) Applications: (i) IT Rules, 2021: Require platforms to remove unlawful content, but with safeguards (grievance redressal, oversight), (ii) Judicial oversight: Courts examine whether content moderation complies with proportionality, not arbitrary censorship, (iii) Platform accountability: Transparency reports, independent oversight enhance accountability for content decisions, (e) Illustrates calibrated fraternity: Preamble's fraternity promise operationalized through proportionality test in digital age; balance between free expression and social harmony essential to constitutional democracy in technological context.