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The Preamble promises to secure to all citizens justice, social, economic and ______. This tripartite conception of justice reflects the Constitution's commitment to comprehensive equality and welfare.
- cultural
- political
- religious
- administrative
Answer: political
Tripartite justice in Preamble: (a) Social justice: Removal of inequalities based on caste, creed, gender, religion; affirmative action for marginalized groups, (b) Economic justice: Reduction of wealth disparities, equitable distribution of resources, right to livelihood, (c) Political justice: Equal political rights, universal adult suffrage, free and fair elections, participation in governance, (d) Interconnection: (i) Social justice enables economic participation by removing discrimination, (ii) Economic justice enables political participation by reducing poverty-induced exclusion, (iii) Political justice enables social/economic justice through democratic accountability, (e) Applications: (i) Reservation policies: Advance social justice for SC/ST/OBC, (ii) MGNREGA, NFSA: Advance economic justice through employment, food security, (iii) Electoral reforms: Advance political justice through transparency, accountability, (f) Illustrates comprehensive equality: Preamble's justice concept not limited to formal equality but includes substantive measures to remove structural inequalities; foundation for transformative constitutionalism.