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Under Article 358, during a National Emergency, Fundamental Rights under Article 19 (freedoms of speech, assembly, etc.) are automatically suspended for the duration of Emergency, but this suspension applies only to laws/restrictions related to the Emergency.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Article 19 suspension during Emergency: (a) Article 358 text: During Emergency, Article 19 freedoms automatically suspended for duration of Emergency, (b) Scope of suspension: (i) Applies only to laws/restrictions related to Emergency purposes (war, external aggression, armed rebellion), (ii) Does not permit arbitrary restrictions unrelated to Emergency, (iii) Post-Emergency: Article 19 freedoms automatically restored, (c) 44th Amendment safeguard (1978): Suspension applies only to laws/restrictions related to Emergency; unrelated restrictions remain subject to judicial review, (d) Applications: (i) 1962, 1971 Emergencies: Restrictions on speech, assembly related to defence, security, (ii) Post-1978: Courts examine whether restrictions genuinely related to Emergency, not political suppression, (e) Illustrates calibrated rights suspension: Enabling crisis response while preventing arbitrary rights suppression; balance between national security and individual liberty through scope limitation, judicial oversight.