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Indian courts have recognized intergenerational equity as part of environmental jurisprudence under Article 21, requiring the present generation to hold the environment in trust for future generations.
- True
- False
Answer: True
Intergenerational equity in environmental jurisprudence: (a) Legal basis: Article 21 (right to life) interpreted to include healthy environment; Article 48A (DPSP) directs State to protect environment, (b) Judicial recognition: (i) MC Mehta cases: Public trust doctrine — State as trustee of natural resources for present and future generations, (ii) Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum (1996): Sustainable development includes intergenerational equity, (iii) Recent climate litigation: Challenges to coal mining, emission norms based on duty to future generations, (c) Applications: (i) Forest conservation: Balancing development with preservation for future, (ii) Climate action: NDCs, renewable energy targets reflect intergenerational responsibility, (iii) Resource management: Water, minerals, biodiversity conserved for future use, (d) Balance: Present development needs vs future sustainability; Constitutional Morality requires State to prioritize long-term collective welfare. Illustrates adaptive constitutionalism: applying enduring values (dignity, fraternity) to emerging challenges like climate change.