Indian courts have recognized intergenerational equity as part of environmental jurisprudence under Article 21, requiring the present generation to hold the environment in trust for future generations.

Intergenerational equity in environmental jurisprudence: (a) Legal basis: Article 21 (right to life) interpreted to include healthy environment; Article 48A (DPSP) directs State to protect environment, (b) Judicial recognition: (i) MC Mehta cases: Public trust doctrine — State as trustee of natural resources for present and future generations, (ii) Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum (1996): Sustainable development includes intergenerational equity, (iii) Recent climate litigation: Challenges to coal mining, emission norms based on duty to future generations, (c) Applications: (i) Forest conservation: Balancing development with preservation for future, (ii) Climate action: NDCs, renewable energy targets reflect intergenerational responsibility, (iii) Resource management: Water, minerals, biodiversity conserved for future use, (d) Balance: Present development needs vs future sustainability; Constitutional Morality requires State to prioritize long-term collective welfare. Illustrates adaptive constitutionalism: applying enduring values (dignity, fraternity) to emerging challenges like climate change.